Essay on Roman Empire and Julius Caesar

Essay on Roman Empire and Julius Caesar Essay on Roman Empire and Julius Caesar Liam Downey-Wall 3-17-13 Comparison of the Stability of the Roman Republic vs. Roman Empire Julius Cesar abruptly transitioned from a republic to an empire In order to understand the comparative stability of the Republic vs. that of the Empire; we must first identify and discuss some of the characteristics of each. Only by evaluating the characteristics can we identify the more stable form of government. The Republic style of government is characterized by the following: a senate of 300 members yielding more power per person, dictatorship for 6 months at a time and an indirect democracy. The dictator’s term of 6 months at a time was hardly enough time to learn the issues and task at hand. The short terms of office created instability in the government. Some of the characteristics of an empire include the following: senate has 600 members, with a senate of 600 people that means less power per senator, an emperor for life, a position that is passed down from generation to generation, one ruler/monarch. This type of government gave more power to Caesar and less to the people. Due to the longer terms in office it allowed Caesar to make many more reforms, for example, redistribution of land and wealth and creation of Julian calendar. One upside to the change of empire was many reforms were made. Caesar kept the empire in the hands of his heir, so no one out side the Caesar family could rule. The Empire form of government served the people well

Readers and Text Meanings Essays

Readers and Text Meanings Essays Readers and Text Meanings Essay Readers and Text Meanings Essay Language – often defined as â€Å"the method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way†, the aforementioned has played an eminent role in our society from the beginning of time. As human beings, language is a part of our human heritage that is often passed down from parents to children within the speech communities where we live. A child born in India is most likely to speak Hindi and a child born in Washington is likewise, most likely to speak English. Had the two children been switched around during birth, they’d also switch the language capabilities they possess. Language, however, is not confined to only the human voice resonating in other’s ears. Words written by humans possess the ability to transcend meanings from one to another. As Roland Barthes once said, â€Å"the birth of the reader must be at the cost of the death of the author†. So truly , how is it that we humans – we readers – shape the meaning of a particular text at hand? The question at hand is highly subjective. To begin with, we as people are born as blank slates whose individuality is then painted and crafted by our experiences, emotions, faith and beliefs’ as we grow into adulthood and swim through our daily existence. As the theory of existentialism rightfully states, the individual person is the only agent that can determine his or her own life by means of acts of the will. This means that our life is based on our own decisions. As each person is different and has become the human they are today based on their own choices, is it not fair to say that their personal experiences can manipulate the way they articulate and form a common consensus on a text at hand? For instance, will a woman who has been brought up in free America not find a textual piece on women’s rights violation under Islamic law more abominating than an Islamic woman brought up in the same circumstances in th

Electronics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Electronics - Essay Example The function of the electronic parts in these systems is to receive input information, to process this information and then to produce an output. For example, in a computer, the input information is provided by pressing the buttons on a keyboard, the processing may involve arithmetic or comparison with previous information in a memory and the output will be a print out or a display on a video display unit. In another example, both input and output of a communications system may be sound such as words or music. In other areas such as instrumentation and control, these are many non-electronic systems widely used. Both power steering and servo assisted brakes in automobiles are usually non-electronic and mechanical clocks and watches still have a share of the market. Electronic systems are required to process or react to information. The information may have many forms, including physical quantities such as temperatures, velocity or mass, simple on/off information resulting from a switch being operated, or the highly concentrated and detailed information in speech, music and pictures. All these different forms of information have one common factor i.e. both amplitude and frequency may vary with time. This means that they can be illustrated by means of graphs and in many cases they can be defined as functions of time with mathematical expressions. Electronic circuit's can only react to information in the form of time-varying voltages and currents. We can conveniently refer to these forms of information as signals. There must therefore be some form of interface or converter between the real world and the electronic world. The interface may simply be a transducer for example; a microphone converts sound energy containing information into electrical energy in the form of a signal which contains the same information. An electronic system will have input signals from transducers and output signals which are reconverted by other transducers to produce energy in various required forms. Between these two processes, within the system there will be other signal forms. Lets quickly look at the function of electronic circuit any systems. And the function is to process signal, many different processes are possible and useful but, before considering a wide range of processes, it will be helpful to examine some simple system and to consider what type of processes may be required. A radio communication system: requires transmitting speech and music from a concert Hall to a place 100 miles away while other similar transmission is occurring in the same area. While the problems are: Alternating signals (A.C.) can result in radiated electromagnetic waves (radio signals) but signals at audio frequencies do not radiate efficiently. Also, as there would be similar transmissions in the same area, there would be interference as all the radiated signals would be received more or less equality. The solution use higher frequencies which can be radiated readily, in order to carry the signal information on these higher frequencies, use different high frequency carriers for each separate transmission to avoid interferences. The process required is: The minimum needed for a simple radio communication system can be represented in the block system. Let's look at am automatic washing machine. The

PEST Analysis OF Mount Brydges Bulldogs hockey team in Canada Research Paper

PEST Analysis OF Mount Brydges Bulldogs hockey team in Canada - Research Paper Example Mount Brydges Bulldogs allows new applications from 15 year olds to start training with other team players. Acceptance shall be dependent on the residence of the applicant and existence of a vacancy within the club training resources. Hockey is a contact game with high chances of players being injured while playing. The situation is made worse through the use of Hockey sticks while playing. Management trains its players well and provides them with comfortable and stanLard playing equipment to limit the number and magnitude of accidents hence lower lawsuits. Hockey is a big tournament in Canada with a large number of young people applying each year to join this tournament. Employment rates are low given the little number (6) of NHL franchises in Canada. The government regulates the number of teams to create a scarcity of teams hence increase competition among towns that compete to host the tournament. These regulations aim at increasing viewership and to make the tournament more popular. Canadians love watching Hockey teams lay with TV viewership averaging 1.5 million per game (Keller & McGuire, 2011). The high demand results from the stiff competition among cities to host the tournament given that few cities are homes to NHL teams. Mount Brydges Bulldogs has participated in every single tournament since 1975 with three wins. The competitive nature of the team’s management guarantees that the team will always participate and perform well at the tournaments. The huge demand for viewership of the NHL tournament has not been affected by inflation rates. Ticket sales have been high all time round given the competitive nature of the league. Inflation, however, has affected the team’s ability to provide quality safe training equipment for its players prompting management to seek support from well-wishers who will assist to pay part of the bills. NHL regulates

Daoism and Confucianism Essay Example for Free

Daoism and Confucianism Essay Daoism and Confucianism are two of China’s oldest and most pervasive philosophies. They arose during the same period in Chinese history, called the Hundred Schools of Thought, a time often marred by unrest and feudal strife. Both philosophies reflect this, as their overarching goals are to seek order and harmony in one’s life, relationship with society, and the universe. Confucianism is a philosophy originated by the Chinese philosopher, Confucius, which teaches that logic and reason can solve all human problems, and rejects excessive emotion and superstition. Confucianism also teaches that following the traditions of early Chinese culture is the best way to organize society. Traditional ritual, music and poetry are also seen as important tools in maintaining societal harmony. Confucius was concerned with matters of human relationships. His philosophy inspires scholars to take up civil service with the goal of building a society based upon their discernment of good and bad and to desire that which is judged to be good. The way of Confucius is to forge a moral society protected from the world. The main source of Confucian teaching is the Analects of Confucius. Daoism on the other hand was started by Lao Tzu, and is mainly concerned with living a balanced life based on following Nature. Lau Tzu saw the natural world as a sort of teacher which could impart wisdom to mankind if we only observed it and modeled our lives on what we see in nature. Extremes are to be avoided, passivity is encouraged over force, going with the flow of things and avoiding conflict is the goal. Lao Tzu rejects worldly concerns, limited knowledge and flawed judgments as creating an imbalance in the nature of things. The way of Lao Tzu is to allow man and nature to come into a harmonic coexistence. So, to boil it all down to one point, Taoism is all about mans relationship with nature, while Confucianism is about mans relationship with his fellow man. Confucianism was created in the early fourth century B. C. E. The founder of Confucianism was Kong Qiu (Kung Chiu), who was born around 552 B. C. E. in the small state of Lu and died in 479 B. C. E. The Latinized name Confucius, based on the honorific title Kong Fuzi (Kung Fu-tzu), was created by 16th-century Jesuit missionaries in China. Confucius was a teacher to sons of the nobility at a time when formal education was just beginning in China. He traveled from region to region with a small group of disciples, and believed that his philosophy could transform individuals and society into a more harmonious unit. Confucius was not particularly famous during his lifetime, and even considered himself to be a failure. He longed to be the advisor to a powerful ruler, and he believed that such a ruler, with the right advice, could bring about an ideal world. Confucius said heaven and the afterlife were beyond human capacity to understand, and one should therefore concentrate instead on doing the right thing in this life. The earliest records from his students indicate that he did not provide many moral precepts; rather he taught an attitude toward ones fellow humans of respect, particularly respect for ones parents, teachers, and elders. He also encouraged his students to learn from everyone they encountered and to honor others cultural norms. Later, his teachings would be translated by authoritarian political philosophers into strict guidelines, and for much of Chinese history Confucianism would be associated with an immutable hierarchy of authority and unquestioning obedience. Confucius’s teachings were carried on and promoted by his disciple Mencius, and, later, by Hsun-Tzu, who lived from about 300 to 235 B. C. E. E. A rationalist form of Neo-Confucianism, an outgrowth of Confucianism, began to gain popularity through the teachings of Chu Hsi, who lived from 1033 to 1107 CE. A more socially oriented Neo-Confucianism became popular through the teachings of Wang Yang-Ming, who lived from 1472 to 1529 C. E. The Analects is a collection of principles enunciated by the Chinese thinker Confucius in conversations with his disciples. Similar to Proverbs in the Old Testament, the analects depend heavily on analogy and metaphor. They stress the importance not of rules per se, but of ethics, that guide behavior. Never impose on others what you would not choose for yourself. He also stressed the need for ritual and music. These principles set standards for individual conduct and the administration of government and community. After Confucius died in 479 B. C. E. , his followers compiled his teachings in the form of dialogues between him and his students. The resulting collection highly influenced educational, social, and cultural thought in China and elsewhere. Running through the teachings of Confucius is this theme: A man should lead an upright life, educate himself, and contribute to the betterment of society. The superior man, he says, respects elders, cultivates the friendship of good people, presides over his subordinates with a fair and even hand, continually educates himself, overflows with love for fellow human beings, and in general sets a good example for others to follow. The Analects are terse and usually easy to understand. Many of these passages, though presented in the form of conversation, are epigrams that stand alone as wise and memorable admonitions. The statements make frequent use of parallel structure and antithesis. Some say Confucianism is not a religion, since there are no Confucian deities and no teachings about the afterlife. Confucius himself was a staunch supporter of ritual, however, for many centuries there were state rituals associated with Confucianism. Most importantly, the Confucian tradition was instrumental in shaping Chinese social relationships and moral thought. Thus even without deities and a vision of salvation, Confucianism plays much the same role as religion does in other cultural contexts. Confucianism is a socio-philosophical system aimed at bettering individuals and society. Its primary goals were to educate people to be self-motivated and self-controlled, and to enable people to assume their responsibilities, which would, in turn, cultivate a better self and a harmonious society. Confucius believed that lawlessness and social problems stemmed from the combination of unenlightened individuals and a social structure without norms. Confucius believed in the Great Ultimate (Tao), which manifests itself in the I, or change. Tao is the cause of I, and generates Yang (energy) and Yin (a passive form). Together, Yin and Yang are seen as complementary symbols of the energy and tension in a system of counter forces. Tao, or the Great Ultimate, is the first-cause of the universe, a force that flows through all life, but is not a personal being. Ultimately, we are here to discover our real self, which is the nature of Tao. Humans are thought to be inherently good. Through self-discipline, a human is able to move in accordance to Tao and thus will enjoy the principle of change. In a practical sense, we are here to better ourselves and society. This is done through education and enlightenment. Daoism was created in China in the Late 4th century B. C. E. Daoism was founded by Li Erh (better known as Lao Tzu), or â€Å"Old Master†, in the sixth century B. C. E. Lao Tzu was the keeper of the imperial library and the author of Tao Te Ching, or the Book of Dao and Virtue. The specific date of birth of Lao Tzu is unknown. Legends vary, but scholars’ place his birth between 600 and 300 B. C. E. Lao Tzu’s wise counsel attracted followers, but he refused to set his ideas down in writing. He believed that written words might solidify into formal dogma. Lao Tzu wanted his philosophy to remain a natural way to live life with goodness, serenity and respect. Lao Tzu laid down no rigid code of behavior. He believed a person’s conduct should be governed by instinct and conscience. Lao Tzu believed that human life, like everything else in the universe, is constantly influenced by outside forces. He believed â€Å"simplicity† to be the key to truth and freedom. Lao Tzu encouraged his followers to observe, and seek to understand the laws of nature; to develop intuition and build up personal power; and to use that power to lead life with love, and without force. Legend says that in the end Lao Tzu, saddened by the evil of men, set off into the desert on a water buffalo leaving civilization behind. When he arrived at the final gate at the great wall protecting the kingdom, the gatekeeper persuaded him to record the principles of his philosophy for posterity. The result was the eighty-one sayings of the â€Å"Tao Te Ching. † The Tao Te Ching was written in China roughly 2,500 years ago at about the same time when Buddha expounded the Dharma in India and Pythagoras taught in Greece. The Tao Te Ching is probably the most influential Chinese book of all times. Its 81 chapters have been translated into English more times than any other Chinese document, and it provides the basis for the philosophical school of Daoism, which is an important pillar of Chinese thought. In Tao Te Ching, it never specifically defines The Way. It’s a series of verses, poems, and riddles. It emphasizes control but not dominance, fluidity but not ambivalence, and mystery but not confusion. Dao is analogous to God, but Dao is not a being. Rather, Dao is the source of all and the ultimate reality, and Dao is the cause of all change in life. Dao permeates the universe and is the principle behind all that is. Dao can only be experienced through mystical ecstasy. Daoists seek transformation of their self and body into a cosmic, Dao-focused entity. This is achieved through ritual and meditation. Daoism teaches that there is one undivided truth at the root of all things. Daoism is the organized, indigenous religion of China. From a philosophical standpoint Daoism focuses on Dao, or way, and deals with ideas about naturalness, ease, non-action etc. Physically, Daoism focuses on health through concepts like Qigong and Taiji quan, which involve deep breathing, slow, graceful motions and gentle stretching. From a religious standpoint, Daoism is reflected in many areas, including a social and political vision, rituals, a hierarchical priesthood, talismans and exorcisms. Other Daoism practices include advanced spiritual meditation and mystic, ecstatic soul travel. The universe is hierarchically organized in such a way that its entirety is reproduced in its individual parts. Thus, man is a microcosm within the macrocosm (small universe within a larger one). Man’s parts correspond to parts of the universe and nature. All is from the Dao, and all will return to the Dao. Daoism was created to reunite with Dao through the transformation from disharmony to harmony. Disharmony causes a destructive or waning cycle of the Five Elements (metal, wood, earth, water and fire). This cycle consists of metal destroying wood (wood is cut by a metal ax); wood dominating earth through its roots (domination through power); earth mastering water and preventing floods (anti-nature forces); water destroying fire (pollution is caused by anti-nature, and destroys the beauty of the world); fire melts metal (causing pollution). Through personal and social transformation, humans can convert the destructive cycle of the Five Elements into a creative or constructive cycle of the Five Elements. Metal in the earth nourishes underground water (purification); water is the source of life for vegetation, including wood (nourishment); wood is the fuel for fire, which causes ashes, which then form earth (natural recycling). The formation of metal in earth completes the cycle. Daoism has a very recognizable symbol. It is the Yin-Yang, a circle divided in two equal parts of dark/black (Yin) and light/white (Yang). Within the dark, there is a circle of light, and within the light, there is a circle of dark. The two parts are equal because they signify the balance in the world caused by the Yin and Yang forces in all things. Each has a circle of the other to symbolize that each contains elements of the other, and that each cannot exist without the other. Sometimes, the Yin-Yang symbol will be surrounded with trigrams, or sets of three lines with breaks in various positions. Each trigram stands for a certain principle in Daoism.

Mathew Shepard Case Brief :: essays research papers

Matthew Shepard Case Brief Facts: Twenty one year old, University of Wyoming college student, Matthew Shepard, died October 12, 1998 at 12:53 a.m. after spending five days in a comma due to massive injuries and head trauma in a robbery and hate crime assault (Matthew Shepard, 2000 [on-line]). Matthew Shepard met Aaron McKinney (22) and Russell Henderson (21) of Laramie in a local bar called Fireside Lounge. McKinney and Henderson had been drinking. The two led Shepard to believe they were gay and lured Shepard to their truck. McKinney pulled out a gun and said, Guess what- we’re not gay and you’re gonna get jacked. McKinney then told Shepard to give him his wallet. When Shepard refused, McKinney hit him with the gun. With Henderson behind the wheel, McKinney continued to strike Shepard. McKinney then told Henderson to get a rope out of the truck. McKinney allegedly tied Shepard’s beaten body to a wooden split-rail post fence, robbed him of his wallet and patent leather shoes, continued to beat him and left him to die for over 18 hours. Chasity Vera Pasley (20) and Krista Lean Price (18), the suspect’s girlfriends, hid the bloody shoes of Henderson and provided the suspects with alibis. Shepard’s shoes, coat and credit card were found in McKinney’s pick-up truck; his wallet was found in McKinney’s home. A .357 Magnum was also found in McKinney’s home (Matthew Shepard, 2000 [on-line]). On April 5, 1999, 22 year old, Aaron McKinney was found guilty of felony murder, second-degree murder, kidnapping and robbery. 21 year old, Russell Henderson pled guilty to kidnapping and felony murder and was sentenced to two consecutive life terms. Two women described as the suspects girlfriends, Chasity Vera Pasley (20) and Krista Lean Price (18) were charged as accessories after the fact of first-degree murder (The Data Lounge, Issues 2000, [on-line]). Issues: Aaron James McKinney seemed to believe that his allegation that Shepard had made a pass at him was sufficient grounds to justify joining with friend Russell Henderson in savagely beating Shepard, clubbing him with a handgun, lashing him to a wooden fence and leaving him to die. McKinney’s attorney wanted the jury to accept that because McKinney has a homosexual encounter when he was younger and that he was under the influence of both drugs and alcohol when he alleges Shepard made a pass at him, that he was therefore not responsible for his actions.

Mobile Phone Addiction

Those who remain fear the loss of mobile phones, or the presence of outside the coverage of the network, and thus the inability to communicate or receive communications .. It is a concern to hit the world and destroyed the ability of people to develop solutions to what the phone is forced suffering .. ..With a little thought, there are people who feel and enjoy the latest devices and smart phones .. To enjoy the modern programs in addition to the many features provided by these devices .. It is normal when a person uses his mobile phone to make calls or talk to friends and relatives from time to time .. Or Download game compete with friends .. But what if the transformation of the use of smart phone to addiction? .. See what the problems that can be caused by this addiction to the owner? .. So warned surveys and studies on the smartphone from the increasing signs of addiction, and concluded studies to That people stare at the phones screens For approximately 3 hours a day or more, in addition to the time spent in making calls. .. It was noted that psychiatrists, are those who initiated to consider the fight against the problem – phenomenon, in order to recognize that addiction to smart phones, psychological disorder. Experts warn that the use of new technologies at an early age may compound the risk of addiction, isolation and school failure. Where the smartphone is no longer a means to communicate with others only, but the smartphone is used to finish and follow the work of private and is used in the study and entertainment of the self through the games or watching movies and hear songs and networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter and other programs, â€Å"People are checking their mobile phones at 34 times a day, and there are five, 81 and eighty-one percent of people who keep their phones near them, and 63 percent are checking their phones even while they sleep. People who are afraid of losing a mobile phone or being out of network coverage and therefore unable to communicate or receive communication suffer from the disease of sleepophobia. Monophobia can be monitored through a range of behaviors, for example, that a person checks his or her mobile phone more than 30 times a day , Or simply feel that it is impossible for him to give up his phone and live without him. Experts have found that smart phone addicts have become so many around the world that if they are removed from their phones they feel nervous and angry and can do things beyond their control. The use of the smartphone also leads to poor cognitive skills, especially among students. Surveys showed that the degree of addiction to the smartphone is increasing among young people, where one in every five young people check his phone once every few minutes, and drew attention to all this. For phones comes at the expense of neglecting the world around us, causing increased anxiety, tension and distraction. Stressing that each user to evaluate the fact that attached to his smartphone, and begin to get rid of this attachment step by step. Radio France International highlighted in a report published on its website the phenomenon of â€Å"addiction† of the inhabitants of the earth to the use of mobile phone. A study by the High Tech Web site showed that around 1.5 billion people around the world have mobile phones, while the study revealed that if this upward development revolutionized communications worldwide, it certainly had a significant impact on behaviors Individuals in the community. The study found that the use of intelligent mobile phones with the Internet causes â€Å"addiction† to this technology, and this situation is widespread and widely, among the 8.6 billion people of the earth, 1.5 billion people have mobile phones. But far from the figures and comparisons, the widespread use of mobile phones, especially smart phones, has led to a radical change in societal behavior. According to the study, 60% of mobile phone users sleep with their hands in their hands, and 15% of them may stop their entertainment and chat conversations just to answer the mobile phone. Many researchers have pointed out that there is a threat to the Earth's population from these mobile phones, that is, the addiction to this technology is already the same as when playing a game of video games continuously can be considered a form of addiction. Is addiction to smart phones a disease In Singapore, as in many other countries, doctors are struggling to recognize smart phone addiction as a form of psychological disorder. If you are difficult to break away from your smartphone or from people who seek it for no particular reason, you may be threatened with an addiction that may require the help of a psychiatrist. Singapore and Hong Kong broke regional records on the number of smart phone users, according to the latest report by the Nelson Office of Studies. According to Experience, 87 percent of Singapore's 5.4 million people have multi-function phones, compared to 65 percent in the United States.